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Religion / branch / eraPhase 4b · Caliphates, schools & sectsMajor figure

Deobandi Movement

الديوبندية

From 1866 CE (Dar al-Uloom Deoband)

A Hanafi-Maturidi revivalist movement founded at Dar al-Uloom Deoband in British India (1866 CE) by Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi and Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, combining hadith scholarship, Hanafi fiqh and Sufi affiliation while opposing certain popular practices.

Biography

Founded after the 1857 uprising to preserve Islamic learning, Deoband became a vast madrasa network across South Asia and beyond. It follows Hanafi fiqh strictly (taqlid), Maturidi creed, and Chishti/Naqshbandi/Qadiri/Suhrawardi spiritual chains, while criticising practices such as certain shrine rituals.

Offshoots include the Tablighi Jamaat (founded by Muhammad Ilyas, 1926 CE) and political parties such as Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam.

Sources & explanation

۞ Qur'an

No specific verses cited for this node.

📜 Hadith verified on sunnah.com

No verified hadith attached yet. Only references checked against sunnah.com are listed.

💬 Explanation Unverified

Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza's perspective

Methodological note (not a direct quote): Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza's widely known approach is to build narratives primarily on the Quran and Sahih Hadith, to set aside Israiliyat (Judeo-Christian lore absorbed into later tafsir) and weak or fabricated narrations, and to avoid sectarian framing. Applied to this node: Presented neutrally. Mirza is widely known for critiquing errors he attributes to scholars of all major South Asian sects, including Deobandi; specific claims are unverified here.

Empires in their lifetime

  • British Raj 1858 – 1947 CE
    Dar al-Uloom Deoband was founded in 1866 under British rule.

Further references

  • Historical consensus

Connections

Comes from

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