Islamic Timeline of RevelationOpen on the timeline →Mesopotamia & LevantAsiaMajor empire
Neo-Babylonian Empire
Also known as Chaldean Empire, Second Babylonian Empire
The Neo-Babylonian Empire succeeded Assyria as the leading power of the Near East. Under Nebuchadnezzar II it destroyed Jerusalem and its Temple in 587/586 BCE and deported much of the population to Babylon. It fell to Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BCE.
Key facts
| Dates | 626 – 539 BCE |
|---|---|
| Region | Mesopotamia & Levant |
| Continent | Asia |
| Capital | Babylon |
| Founder | Nabopolassar |
| Religion(s) | Mesopotamian religion |
| Peak extent | ≈ 0.5 million km² (c. 562 BCE) – source |
Before & after
Preceded by
Neo-Assyrian Empire Kingdom of Judah
Followed by
In the Islamic timeline
- Judaism (Religion of Bani Isra'il) — The Babylonian exile (from 587/586 BCE) shaped later Jewish scripture and practice.
Sources
Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.