Islamic Timeline of RevelationOpen on the timeline →Mesopotamia & LevantAsiaMajor empire
Sumerian city-states
Also known as Sumer
Sumer was the earliest known civilisation of southern Mesopotamia, made up of competing city-states such as Uruk, Ur, Lagash and Kish. Sumerians developed cuneiform writing, monumental temples (ziggurats) and early law codes. The region was later absorbed by Akkadian, Babylonian and other Mesopotamian powers.
Key facts
| Dates | c. 4500 – c. 1900 BCE |
|---|---|
| Region | Mesopotamia & Levant |
| Continent | Asia |
| Capitals | Uruk, Ur, Lagash, Kish, Nippur (no single capital) |
| Religion(s) | Mesopotamian religion |
| Peak extent | ≈ 0.05 million km² (c. 2400 BCE) – source |
Before & after
Followed by
In the Islamic timeline
- Babylonian / Mesopotamian Paganism (People of Ibrahim) — The polytheistic temple religion of the Sumerian cities.
- Prophet Ibrahim (Khalilullah) (AS) — Traditional dating (c. 2000–1800 BCE, disputed) places Ibrahim in late Sumerian / early Babylonian Mesopotamia.
Sources
Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.