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Sahaba / Tabi‘eenPhase 4a · Muhajirun, Ansar, Tabi‘eenMajor figure

Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (RH)

عمر بن عبد العزيز

c. 61/63 AH - 101 AH; caliph 99-101 AH date disputed

The Umayyad caliph celebrated for justice and piety, often called the 'fifth Rightly Guided Caliph'. He reversed abuses, stopped the cursing of Ali from pulpits and ordered the official collection of hadith.

Biography

A great-grandson of Umar ibn al-Khattab through his mother, he governed Madinah before becoming caliph in 99 AH. In just over two years he returned unjustly seized property, reduced oppressive taxes on new converts, and ended the Umayyad practice of cursing Ali in Friday sermons.

He wrote to Abu Bakr ibn Hazm and others to record the hadith for fear of its loss (Sahih Bukhari, Kitab al-Ilm, chapter heading). He died in 101 AH.

Sources & explanation

۞ Qur'an

No specific verses cited for this node.

📜 Hadith verified on sunnah.com

  • Sahih al-Bukhari 521, 522 Sahih

    'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz once delayed a prayer and 'Urwah reminded him how Jibril led the Prophet ﷺ in the five prayer times.

💬 Explanation Unverified

Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza's perspective

Methodological note (not a direct quote): Engineer Muhammad Ali Mirza's widely known approach is to build narratives primarily on the Quran and Sahih Hadith, to set aside Israiliyat (Judeo-Christian lore absorbed into later tafsir) and weak or fabricated narrations, and to avoid sectarian framing. Applied to this node: Sahih Bukhari's chapter heading on recording knowledge and historical sources.

Empires in their lifetime

Further references

  • Sahih Bukhari (Kitab al-Ilm: Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz on writing hadith)
  • al-Dhahabi, Siyar

Connections

Linked with