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East, Central & Southern AfricaAfrica

Kingdom of Mapungubwe

c. 1220 – c. 1300 CE · about 80 years approximate dates

Mapungubwe was a state at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo rivers in what is now South Africa, regarded as an early stage of the Zimbabwe culture. Its capital had about 5,000 people around 1250 and is known for a golden rhinoceros. It was abandoned around 1300, and Great Zimbabwe rose in its place.

Key facts

Datesc. 1220 – c. 1300 CE
RegionEast, Central & Southern Africa
ContinentAfrica
CapitalMapungubwe Hill
Religion(s)Traditional African religion

Before & after

Followed by

Kingdom of Zimbabwe

Sources

Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.