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Egypt & the NileAfricaAsiaMajor empire

Ptolemaic Kingdom

305 – 30 BCE · about 275 years

The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic Greek-ruled state in Egypt founded by Ptolemy I after the death of Alexander the Great. Its capital Alexandria became a leading centre of learning with its famous Library. It ended with the death of Cleopatra VII and Roman annexation in 30 BCE.

Key facts

Dates305 – 30 BCE
RegionEgypt & the Nile
ContinentAfrica, Asia
CapitalAlexandria
FounderPtolemy I Soter
Religion(s)Ancient Egyptian religion, Ancient Greek religion
Peak extent≈ 1 million km² (c. 301 BCE) – source

Before & after

Preceded by

Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great

Followed by

Roman Empire

Sources

Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.