Islamic Timeline of RevelationOpen on the timeline →Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ruled the whole Mediterranean world and much of western Europe and the Near East, including Judea, where Isa (Jesus) lived and preached. Christianity spread through the empire, was legalised under Constantine and became the state religion under Theodosius I. After 395 it was permanently divided into western and eastern halves.
Key facts
| Dates | 27 BCE – 395 CE |
|---|---|
| Region | Greece, Rome & Byzantium |
| Continent | Europe, Africa, Asia |
| Capitals | Rome, Constantinople (from 330) |
| Founder | Augustus |
| Religion(s) | Ancient Roman religion, Christianity (state religion from 380) |
| Peak extent | ≈ 5 million km² (c. 117 CE) – source |
Note on dates: End date is the final division of 395; the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire continued to 1453.
Before & after
Preceded by
Roman Republic Ptolemaic Kingdom Nabataean Kingdom Kingdom of Pontus Palmyrene Empire Gallic Empire Numidia Mauretania Odrysian kingdom Herodian kingdom of Judea Kingdom of Commagene Osroene Kingdom of Cappadocia Dacian kingdom
Followed by
Western Roman Empire Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) Palmyrene Empire Gallic Empire
In the Islamic timeline
- Prophet Isa (al-Masih ibn Maryam) (AS) — Isa was born and preached in Roman-ruled Judea (Herodian client kingdom, later a Roman province).
- Prophet Yahya (AS) — Yahya (John the Baptist) was executed by Herod Antipas, a Roman client ruler.
- Prophet Zakariya (AS) — Lived in Judea in the period of Roman domination (approximate dating).
- Christianity (al-Nasara) — Christianity spread across the empire; the Council of Nicaea was held in 325 under Constantine.
Sources
Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.