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East, Central & Southern AfricaAfrica

South African Republic (Transvaal)

1852 – 1902 CE · about 50 years

The South African Republic, or Transvaal, was an independent Boer republic recognised by Britain in the Sand River Convention of 1852, with its capital at Pretoria. Gold discoveries and rising tension with Britain led to the Boer Wars. Britain annexed it in 1902.

Key facts

Dates1852 – 1902 CE
RegionEast, Central & Southern Africa
ContinentAfrica
TypeBoer republic
CapitalPretoria
Religion(s)Dutch Reformed Church

Before & after

Followed by

British Empire

Sources

Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.