Islamic Timeline of RevelationOpen on the timeline →Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire grew from a small Turkish principality in north-western Anatolia into an empire spanning south-eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. It conquered Constantinople in 1453 and claimed the caliphate after taking Egypt in 1517. It was dissolved after the First World War; the caliphate was abolished in 1924.
Key facts
| Dates | c. 1299 – 1922 CE |
|---|---|
| Region | Anatolia & Caucasus |
| Continent | Asia, Europe, Africa |
| Capitals | Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Constantinople (Istanbul) |
| Founder | Osman I |
| Religion(s) | Sunni Islam |
| Peak extent | ≈ 5.2 million km² (c. 1683 CE) – source |
Before & after
Preceded by
Sultanate of Rum Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) Mamluk Sultanate Empire of Trebizond Hafsid Sultanate Second Bulgarian Empire Serbian Empire Kingdom of Tlemcen (Zayyanid) Karamanids Kingdom of Bosnia Beylik of Dulkadir Ramadanid Emirate Germiyanids Aydinids Candar dynasty (Isfendiyarids) Duchy of Athens Despotate of Epirus Despotate of the Morea Serbian Despotate
Followed by
Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty Italian colonial empire Kingdom of Hejaz Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Arab Kingdom of Syria Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq
In the Islamic timeline
- Ottoman Sultanate-Caliphate — The Ottoman sultans held the title of caliph, abolished in 1924.
- Major Sufi Orders (Qadiriyya, Chishtiyya, Suhrawardiyya, Naqshbandiyya) — Sufi orders such as the Mevlevi and Bektashi were prominent in Ottoman society.
- Hanafi School — Hanafi law was the official school of the Ottoman state.
Sources
Dates follow widely used reference works; many ancient dates are approximate or debated. Neutral summary for general reference.